Multiple Sclerosis is a chronic autoimmune disease in which the immune system attacks the protective covering (myelin) of nerve fibers in the brain and spinal cord. This disrupts communication between the brain and the rest of the body, causing a wide range of symptoms.
🔍 Common Symptoms
- Numbness or weakness in limbs, often on one side
- Blurred or double vision
- Fatigue that is out of proportion to activity
- Electric shock sensation with neck movement (Lhermitte's sign)
- Problems with coordination and balance
- Cognitive difficulties, memory problems, and mood changes
🧬 Causes & Risk Factors
- Autoimmune attack on myelin (exact trigger unknown)
- Genetic predisposition
- Environmental factors (low Vitamin D, smoking)
- Viral infections (possibly Epstein-Barr virus)
- More common in women and people from northern regions
✅ What To Do Next
- See a neurologist specializing in MS for diagnosis (MRI, spinal tap)
- Start disease-modifying therapies to slow progression
- Manage symptoms with medications for fatigue, spasticity, and pain
- Engage in adapted exercise and physical therapy
- Join an MS support group for peer connection
- Plan for relapses with an emergency care plan